TOLERANCE TO RELIGIOUS HATE

THE DIALECTICS OF THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Authors

  • NATÁLIA RAMOS NABUCO DE ARAÚJO UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA

Keywords:

Freedom of expression, Freedom of Expression, Hate Speech, Tolerance, Religious, Discrimination

Abstract

The present study intends to approach the dialectic in the protection of the Freedom of expression against the religious hate speech. Firstly, it is discurssed the value of tolerance and the difficulty of demarcating the degree of tolerability that a modern democracy is able to support in cases of manifestations of hatred, intolerance and discrimination. Thus, from a thorough evaluation, the study approaches the juridical development that is acquired in the European and North American jurisdictions, regarding the relation of the religious hate speech and the right to freedom of expression, its effects, the perspectives of restrictions in this scenario, and the solutions and argumentative logics granted in each order.

Author Biography

NATÁLIA RAMOS NABUCO DE ARAÚJO, UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA

Master and PhD student in Public Law from the University of Coimbra. E-mail:
natalia.nabuco@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-7895

References

BAKER, Edwin. Hate speech, University of Pennsylvania Law School, 2008.

BAKIRCIOLGLU, Onder. Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech. Heinonline, 16 Tulsa. J. Comp.& Int´l L. 2008.

BOBBIO, Norberto. A Era dos Direitos. Trad. Carlos Nelson Coutinho. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2004.

DONAIRE, Juan Antonio Carrillo. Libertad de expresión y “discurso del odio” religioso: la construcción de la tolerancia en la era postsecular. Revista de Fomento Social 70. 2015.

DWORKIN, Ronald. Foreword to Extreme Speech and Democracy. In: Hare, Ivan. Extreme Speech and Democracy, New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

DWORKIN, Ronald. Uma questão de princípio. Trad. Luis C. Borges. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2001.

FELDMAN, Stephen. The theory and politics of first amendment protections: Why does the supreme court favor free expression over religious freedom?

GREENAWALT, Kent. Fighting words, individuals, Communities and Liberties of Speech, Princeton, N.J., 1995.

GUEVONTIAN, Richard. Direitos humanos fundamentais. In. Encontro de Direito Constitucional, 2004, XIII, Anais.São Paulo: Instituto Pimenta Bueno, 2004.

LAWRENCE III, Charles R. If he hollers let him go: Regulating Racist speech on Campus, Duke Law, Journal 1990. In: Words that Wound: Critical Race Theory, Assaultive Speech and the First Amendment, Mari J. Matsuda, Charles R. Lawrence III, Richard Delgado & Kimberlé Williams Creenshaw. Westwiew Press, 1993.

LOEWENSTEIN, Karl. Militant democracy and fundamental rights. The American Political Science Review 31, n. 3, 1937.

MACHADO, Jónatas, Liberdade de expressão. Dimensões constitucionais da esfera pública no sistema social. Boletim da Faculdade de Direito, Studia Iuridica 65. Coimbra Editora: Coimbra. 2002.

MEYER-PFLUG, Samantha Ribeiro. Liberdade de expressão e discurso do ódio. São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 2009.

SANNA, Júlia Mestres. La Islamofobia en Europa y en el Estado español: Repercusiones en el ejercicio del derecho fundamental a la libertad religiosa, 2017.

SCALON, Tim. The difficulty of tolerance: Essays in political philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

SEDLER, Robert A. Freedom of speech: the United States versus the rest of the world. Wayne State University Law School Legal Studies Research Paper Series nº. 07-21, 2006.

STSJ ISLAS BALEARES, (Sala de lo Social, Sección1ª) núm. 457 de 9 de setembro de 2002

SUPREMA CORTE DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS, Caso Chaplinsky v New Hampshire.

____________________________________. Caso Divisão de Emprego, Departamento de Recursos Humanos do Oregon v. Smith (494 US 872 (1990))

____________________________________. Caso Schenck v. United States (249 U.S. 47), de 03 de março de 1919.

____________________________________. Caso Snyder v, Phelps at al (562 U.S__ (2011)).

TITLEY, Gavan; MONDON, Aurélien. After Charlie Hebdo: Terror, Racism and Free Speech. Zed Books, 2017.

TRIBUNAL EUROPEU DOS DIREITOS DO HOMEM, Caso Belkacem v. Belgium (App. Nº. 34367/14), de 27 de junho de 2017.

______________________________________________. Caso Erbakan v. Turkey (App, nº. 59405/00), de 06 de Julho de 2006.

______________________________________________. Caso Gündüz v. Turquia (App. nº. 35071/97), de 04 de junho de 2004.

______________________________________________. Caso Handyside v. Reino Unido (App. nº. 5493/72), de 07 de Dezembro de 1976.

______________________________________________. Caso Ivanov v. Russia (App. nº. 35222/04), de 20 Fevereiro de 2007.

______________________________________________. Caso Norwood v. the United Kingdom (App. nº. 23131/03), de 16 de novembro de 2004.

______________________________________________. Caso S.A.S. v. França (App. nº. 43835/11), de 01 de julho de 2014, venice commission, On the relationship between freedom of expression and freedom of religion: the issue of regulation and prosecution of blasphemy, religious insult and incitement to religious hatred, outubro de 2008.

WALDRON, Jeremy. The harm in hate speech. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2012.

WOLFSON, Nicholas. Hate speech, sex speech, free speech. Westport, Conn. 1997.

Published

2020-03-11

How to Cite

RAMOS NABUCO DE ARAÚJO, N. . (2020). TOLERANCE TO RELIGIOUS HATE: THE DIALECTICS OF THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION. Constituição, Economia E Desenvolvimento: Revista Eletrônica Da Academia Brasileira De Direito Constitucional , 12(22), 234–270. Retrieved from https://mail.abdconstojs.com.br/index.php/revista/article/view/241

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.